There was no effect of 1,25(OH)2VD3 on the number of viable BCR-ABL ALL cells grown without hMSCs (p = 0.5972); however, 1,25(OH)2VD3 significantly increased the number of BCR-ABL cells (2.102 ± 0.415- fold, p = 0.012) (Fig. 4B) when co-cultured with hMSCs. Here, ABL1 is linked to acute lymphoblastic leukemia.