Based on these findings, the AMPK → pS245 GIV signaling axis was named the “Stress Polarity Signaling (SPS)-Pathway.” It was shown that the SPS-pathway inhibits oncogenic transformation and anchorage-independent growth of cancer cells; disruption of this pathway via mutations that make GIV non-phosphorylatable helps tumor cells escape such inhibition and gain proliferative advantage. The gene discussed is CCDC88A; the disease is neoplasm.