Variants in these two genes were associated with very similar effects on the risk of diabetes: OR for each 10 mg per deciliter decrease in LDL-C cholesterol was 1.11 (95% CI, 1.04 to 1.19) for PCSK9 and 1.13 (95% CI, 1.06 to 1.20) for HMGCR. This evidence concerns the gene PCSK9 and diabetes mellitus.