Molecular diagnosis is a very important step on the clinical management of HBOC patients since it allows for the family risk assessment, mortality reduction as well as allowing for the adoption of prophylactic measures, such as preventive mastectomy and/or oophorectomy, reducing the cancer risk by up to 95% in BRCA1/BRCA2 carriers [11–13]. The gene discussed is BRCA2; the disease is cancer.