Further analysis showed that macrophage chemoattractants MCP-1 (CCL2) and MIP-1α (CCL3) and neutrophil chemoattractants MIP-2 (CXCL2) and KC (CXCL1) were significantly elevated, and these chemokines were secreted by K-ras activated tumor cells (11). This evidence concerns the gene KRAS and neoplasm.