The transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) pathway has recently been shown to exhibit aberrant activation in human NSCLC patient tissues, mediated by epigenetic silencing of the pseudo-receptor BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI) that resulted in increased Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 (SMAD3) phosphorylation, tumor growth, and Epithelial-Mesenchymal-Transition (EMT) signatures (5). This evidence concerns the gene SMAD3 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.