AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: Our model also exhibited higher diagnostic performance compared with a similarly diagnostic model developed by Patel and Yopp (19), whose model incorporated six variables (male gender, Black race, viral etiology, alkaline phosphatase >1.5 times upper limit normal, FIB-4, and AFP > 20 ng/mL) to determine the presence of HCC in cirrhotic patients predominantly caused by hepatitis C and presented AUROCs of 0.84 and 0.83 in derivation and validation cohorts, respectively.