IL10 and inflammatory bowel disease: Depending on the type of inflammatory response, there are two major mechanisms by which Bregs suppress inflammation via IL-10: (I) in autoimmune diseases, such as IBD where both innate and adaptive immune responses are involved, Bregs directly dampen the production of proinflammatory cytokines by macrophages (32–34); (II) during inflammatory processes in, for example, EAE and RA, in which an overshooting T cell-mediated response is the driving force for inflammation, Bregs balance Th1/Th2 immune homeostasis (9, 28).