ESR1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Consistent with what we found in our previous study, namely, that general obesity, as indicated by BMI, was associated with the ER+/PR+ subtype, whereas central obesity, as indicated by waist/hip ratio, was more specific for the ER–/PR– subtype (61), We revealed that HW phenotype was an independent risk factor for the ER+/PR+ subtype.