CACNA1A and benign essential blepharospasm: Interestingly, a recent study showed that deleterious variants in CACNA1A, REEP4, TOR2A, ATP2A3, HS1BP3, GNA14, and DNAH17 were involved in blepharospasm, and none of these variants except for CACNA1A has been reported to be associated with blepharospasm (15).