As a single bout of physical exercise may lead to an increase in BDNF level (Ferris et al., 2007; Griffin et al., 2011), these exercise-increased neurotrophins may contribute to a reduction in mood disorders and to the protection and regeneration of various tissues resulting in increased cognitive performance in humans (Hansen et al., 2001; Rojas Vega et al., 2008; Zoladz and Pilc, 2010). This evidence concerns the gene BDNF and mood disorder.