Although SIE may lead to progressive fatigue, causing excessive activation of the central nervous system and subsequent cognitive impairments (Chmura et al., 1994; Tomporowski, 2003), it might also induce the production of neurotrophins such as BDNF or IGF-1, positively affecting neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity in the brain (Lista and Sorrentino, 2010). This evidence concerns the gene BDNF and Cognitive impairment.