Moreover, retrospective analyses of both the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) B-31 trial and the similarly designed North Central Cancer Treatment Group (NCCTG) N9831 trial found that a subset of breast cancer patients classified by ISH/IHC as HER2− unexpectedly benefited from treatment with the anti-HER2 antibody trastuzumab (Paik et al. 2008; Perez et al. 2010). This evidence concerns the gene ERBB2 and cancer.