Finally, to support translation of APOBEC3B-modified human tumor cell vaccines into clinical trials, we demonstrated that human T cells activated in the presence of APOBEC3BACTIVE-modified tumors of diverse types have increased reactivity to unmodified tumors, that this is further enhanced with ICB, and can be used in the context of pulsing human dendritic cells with APOBEC3B-modified vaccines. The gene discussed is APOBEC3B; the disease is neoplasm.