It is a well-established paradigm that IFN-γ mediates a central role in macrophage and neutrophil functions and in tissue protection in TB (Desvignes and Ernst, 2009; Dorhoi et al., 2014; Mishra et al., 2013; Nandi and Behar, 2011; Pagán and Ramakrishnan, 2018). The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is tuberculosis.