Although this reduction in T cell activation was not surprising as many human studies have shown notable reduction in immune response to malaria in malnourished cohorts [25, 27, 33], a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines was expected as reported in human studies where plasmatic levels of signature Th1 cytokines IL-2 and IFNγ were lower in malnourished children [48]. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is malaria.