After tuberculosis treatment, the mean CD8+ T lymphocyte count of HIV-infected and uninfected TB patients increased significantly by rising from 926.82 ± 384 cell/μl to 1062.47 ± 381 cell/μl and 711.12 ± 651 to 789.27 ± 606 cell/μl (p < 0.001),respectively. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is tuberculosis.