VEGFA and neoplasm: There is a large array of mechanisms that are triggered such as the activation of caspase-3, the increase of Ca2+ concentrations leading to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production stimulation, the induction of apoptosis, reducing the expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and nerve growth factor (NGF) or their receptors, and inhibiting tumor growth through the AC-cAMP/PKA cascade [157,158].