INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: As for insulin-treated pregestational diabetes, data for gestational diabetes were not previously reported for mood, anxiety, or personality disorders or intellectual disabilities.21 Thus, among mothers with severe obesity, the effect sizes were lower for type 2 diabetes than for insulin-treated pregestational diabetes in association with offspring mood disorders, specific developmental disorders, ASD, ADHD or conduct disorders, and other behavioral and emotional disorders.