TNFSF10 and cancer: TRAIL is a therapeutic that has been loaded into cells via transfection.91,135 TRAIL, or TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand, is a cancer therapeutic that targets death receptors 4 and 5 on cancer cells, ultimately inducing apoptosis.78,121 In one study, TRAIL-containing exosomes were created by transducing k562 leukemic cells with TRAIL.91 The resulting exosomes enhanced apoptosis for melanoma and lymphoma cells.