In an independent cohort of 5 healthy, 15 MGUS and 15 newly-diagnosed MM patients, ARG1 was progressively increased at both mRNA (ANOVA test, p = 0.004, Fig. 4C) and protein level, as detected by flow cytometry (Fig. 4D,E) and immunofluorescence (Fig. 4F–H). This evidence concerns the gene ARG1 and Miyoshi myopathy.