CTLA4 and autoimmune disease: A recent study on prophylactic tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐a) neutralization in combination with anti‐PD‐1 and anti‐CTLA‐4 immunotherapy suggested that TNF blockade therapy can ameliorate immune‐related toxicity while maintaining the antitumor efficacy of immunotherapy.36 It remains to be determined whether the same strategy can be applied to patients with chronic infections or autoimmune disease.