Firstly, individuals living in malaria endemic areas (adults and infants) might require a higher dose given their lower responsiveness to vaccination compared with healthy and well nurtured malaria naïve adults.73 Secondly, MSP1 is highly immunogenic and antibodies acquired in natural exposure might interfere, in a positive or negative manner, with MSP1 vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy. This evidence concerns the gene ATAD1 and malaria.