TNFAIP3 and Autoimmunity: Due to the central importance of NF-κB pathways, several DUBs, including TNFAIP3 (A20) and CYLD, critically regulate NF-κB pathways, and each of these DUBs modulates various signaling molecules.76 With respect to OTUB1, Li et al.15 recently identified that OTUB1 prevented B cell-mediated autoimmunity not only by suppressing p100 degradation and noncanonical NF-κB activation but also by preserving p100 in the steady state, preventing aberrant NF-κB activation in the canonical pathway.