Pathways related to nervous system development (FDR = 5.8 × 10−8) were enriched for the PID-N genes ASCL1, CTNNB1, ID2, SUFU, and TERT that have known roles in cancer35,36, complementing the PID-C genes NOTCH1, PTEN, and RHOA that also have known cancer roles. This evidence concerns the gene PTEN and cancer.