Plasma samples from 0–2 months after the estimated date of initial infection, longitudinal plasma samples collected on average every 2 years (range 0.4–5.2 years) until ART initiation, and a PBMC sample collected after >0.9 years (range 0.9–4.8 years) of suppressive ART were available for next-generation sequencing (NGS) of gag and env (Fig 1). This evidence concerns the gene ERVW-1 and infection.