Bystander activation of CD8+ T cells in HIV infection has been observed to be associated with the reactivation of other viruses [76,77] and with the circulation of proinflammatory cytokines [78,79], while microbial translocation due to CD4+ T cell depletion in the gut mucosa is considered one of the major mechanisms driving immune activation [80–82]. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and HIV infectious disease.