SOCS3 and lung cancer: Previous studies validated that SOCS3 expression is downregulated in cancer tissues, including pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, bladder cancer, and breast cancer.32, 33, 34, 35, 36 SOCS3 overexpression has an anti‐proliferative and anti‐metastatic effect in cancer.37, 38 Previous studies have found that when a cytokine or a growth factor binds to an intracellular receptor as a ligand, the receptor can form a heterodimer and phosphorylate the JAK kinase.