C. perfringens encodes a diverse array of toxins, and interestingly we also observed that several other accessory toxins were enriched in NE isolates, indicating these may also play an underrated role in broiler NE [38]; PFO, a pore-forming toxin which has been linked with bovine haemorrhagic enteritis [39], and CPB2, or beta2-toxin, another pore-forming cytolytic toxin associated with NE in piglets and enterocolitis in foals [40]. This evidence concerns the gene CPB2 and enterocolitis.