Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), were significantly increased in the CLEC14A-KO mice after stroke (Fig. 5d–g). Here, TNF is linked to stroke disorder.