CDKN2A and hepatocellular carcinoma: Several alterations have been detected in HCC, including CTNNB1 (β-catenin), AT-Rich Interaction Domain 1A (ARID1A), ARID1B, AXIN, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), c-MYC, epidermal growth factor (EGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), as well as RAS and TP53 mutations, fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) amplification, cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDK2A) downregulation and insulin growth factor 2 (IGF2) overexpression due to epigenetic modifications [18].