In addition, TXNIP expression has also been found to be affected by infection with several viruses, including human T lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV-I), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), as well as herpesviruses cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and KSHV [48–54]. The gene discussed is TXNIP; the disease is infection.