TUBB and inflammatory bowel disease: We have previously shown methylation of a component of this gene [TUBB6] significantly positively correlated colonic dysplasia.41 Interestingly, p-ANCAs in autoimmune liver diseases are reported to be directed against a further component of the beta-tubulin family, TUBB5, which cross-reacts with the bacterial protein FtsZ, reflecting an abnormal immune response to gut bacteria.42 PRAC1 gene was found to be 8 log-fold downregulated in PSC-IBD, and expression of this gene is associated with reduced susceptibility for right-sided cancers.43