Here, we described ALDH1A1, ALDH1A3, and ALDH3A1 gains and mRNA upregulation to be associated with prognosis in lung ADC and SCC histological subgroups and provided supporting evidence that ALDH1A3 and ALDH3A1 could be a prognostic marker in NSCLC patients. This evidence concerns the gene ALDH1A3 and AIDS dementia complex.