Since then, a wealth of studies focusing on inflammation in obesity revealed a growing list of proinflammatory cytokines produced by adipocytes and infiltrating macrophages that are increased in obese when compared to lean subjects, such as interleukin (IL) 6, IL1β, IL18, leptin, CC-chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), and resistin [110,112,113]. This evidence concerns the gene IL18 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.