TLR7 and infection: Goose spleen mononuclear cells treated with TLR7 ligands R848 and imiquimod exhibited significant induction of IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-α, and infection of Sichuan white geese with new gosling viral duck enteritis virus (NGVEV) led to a significant induction of TLR7 expression in various tissues including thymus, bursa, spleen, peripheral blood leukocytes, and small intestine [73].