The importance of TCR activation is proven by the experiments showing that melanoma tumor growth is reduced by the injection of TCR-transgenic CD8+ pmel T cells and of the TLR2 ligand Pam3CSK4 into tumor-bearing MyD88 knockout mice; this phenomenon is not observed in the mice injected only with pmel T cells and MyD88 knockout pmel or TLR2 knockout pmel T cells [157]. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and melanoma.