In addition, others have shown a discordance between CXCL1 and BAL cell counts with a high CXCL1 and low BAL cell count in murine models of sepsis or endotoxemia [38, 39] suggesting that lung CXCL1 expression may not correlate with BAL cell counts in indirect models of lung injury. Here, CXCL1 is linked to serum lipopolysaccharide activity.