HOXC4 and prostate cancer: HOXC family members are not expressed in normal prostate tissue but increased expression of HOXC genes is commonly detected in prostate cancers and multiple studies have identified HOXC4 and HOXC6 as important classifiers in panels of 3–8 genes that can be used for early diagnosis of prostate cancer, identify patients with aggressive prostate cancer, and predict recurrence of prostate cancer after treatment [11–13].