SMAD4 and cancer: As far as the KEGG pathways are concerned (Fig 8B), proteasome was enriched in both the patient groups in the 2nd trimester while acute and subclinical infections respectively were associated with NOD-like receptor signaling pathway and pathways in cancer (VHL, MMP9, PIAS4, PTGS2, DVL2, SMAD4, SPI1, CRKL genes).