The SCD hazard was doubled in participants with “pre-clinical renal disease” (Deo et al., 2010) (defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate: eGFR >60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and Cystatin C level ≥1.0 mg/L) matched to those with unaltered renal function (defined as eGFR >60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and Cystatin C level <1.0 mg/L). Here, CST3 is linked to Schnyder corneal dystrophy.