Remarkably, a number of KEAP1WT NSCLC tumors exhibited elevated NQO1 levels, suggesting that NQO1 overexpression in KEAP1/NRF2WT tumors can also result from alternative mechanisms of NRF2 activation (i.e. epigenetic silencing of KEAP1 [29,30], oncogenic activation of NRF2 [31]) or through NRF2-independent mechanisms. Here, KEAP1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.