INS and Insulin resistance: Recent studies show that increased SeP in type 2 diabetic patients worsens glucose metabolism via the impairment of insulin resistance and insulin secretion.(17,18) Injection of human SeP protein at a concentration that reflects the increment of SeP concentrations in diabetic patients inhibited insulin signal transduction in normal mice and induced hyperglycemia during the glucose tolerance test.(17,18) SeP KO mice exhibited the resistance against high fat, high sucrose diet-induced hyperglycemia or insulin resistance.