Given the efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitors in a metastatic setting, NET could be combined with these targeted therapies like those in the NeoPALAna, PALLET or NeoPal trials.25–29 The NeoPal trial (NCT02400567) compared anthracycline- and taxane-based chemotherapy with the association of letrozole and palbociclib as neoadjuvant treatments in high-risk luminal breast cancers.29 Both treatment arms led to poor pathological response rates, but clinical and biomarker responses were encouraging with letrozole–palbociclib combination, with a much more favourable safety profile. Here, CDK4 is linked to breast carcinoma.