CSF2 and pancreatic neoplasm: GVAX, which is composed of two irradiated, granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-secreting allogeneic pancreatic cancer cell lines, administered 24 h after treatment with low-dose cyclophosphamide (Cy) to inhibit regulatory T cells, induced T-cell immunity against cancer antigens, including mesothelin.