Recapitulating animal models, an excess of non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA) and prolactinomas followed dioxin exposure from the 1976 Seveso accident in Italy [11], and acromegaly risk is 8-fold higher in Italian regions with high environmental exposure to AHR ligands such as cadmium [9]. Here, AHR is linked to pituitary gland adenoma.