Dyrk1A, located on chromosome 21, is a major candidate protein-coding gene for several aspects of DS and encodes a kinase involved in neurodevelopment (Arron et al., 2006, Fotaki et al., 2002, Guimera et al., 1999, Hämmerle et al., 2008, Park et al., 2009, Tejedor and Hämmerle, 2011). The gene discussed is DYRK1A; the disease is Dravet syndrome.