Infection of mice with L. infantum leads to an increase in the percentage of CD19+CD23− peritoneal B cells, and the B-1 cell repopulation of BALB/Xid mice leads to loss of the resistance by these transgenic mice and to a similar profile of CD19+CD23− peritoneal B cell (Figure 2A) (Gonzaga et al., 2015). This evidence concerns the gene CD19 and infection.