MAPT and Alzheimer disease: Although the mechanism is not that clear, Methylene blue and dimebon have been found to inhibit aggregation of TDP-43 in cellular models (Arai et al., 2010) and the former has also been shown to inhibit AD-like Aβ and tau aggregation in vitro (Wischik et al., 1996; Taniguchi et al., 2005).