CaM antagonists have been tested as therapeutic agents in cultured tumor cells, and in restricted clinical assays as co-adjuvant in some patients in combination with anti-tumor drugs used in chemotherapy to inhibit CaM-dependent systems in the tumor cells to prevent cell growth, invasiveness and/or metastasis development yielding some positive results (reviewed in [27] and Table 2). This evidence concerns the gene CALM3 and neoplasm.