At variance with the data suggesting predominance of Th1-specific cytokines (IFN-γ) and pathways (T-bet) in human AAA tissue (39), another study indicated a predominance of Th2-associated cytokines (IL-4, -5, -10), with Th1-characteristic cytokines (IL-2, -15) showing only low-level expression (116). This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and triple-A syndrome.